Semnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701On the capability, non-abelian tensor square and non-commuting graph of prime power groups17976710.22075/ijnaa.2024.29806.4264ENAbdulqader Mohammed AbdullahBasriDepartment of Mathematics, College of Education, Seiyun University (SU), YemenKayvanMoradipourDepartment of Mathematics, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, IranJournal Article20230202In this paper, we give necessary and sufficient conditions under which finite non-abelian metacyclic $p$-group ($p$ an odd prime) $G$ is capable. We also, determine the non-abelian tensor square $ G\otimes G$ for the groups of order $p^{\alpha+\beta}$ for some $\alpha, \beta\in \mathbb{N}$. Finally, we obtain some conditions on the parameters of two prime power groups $G_p$ and $G_q$ in which the groups have isomorphic non-commuting graphs.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_9767_0cad1c041ec90c70fafa8c25bef63e33.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Solving time-delay optimal control problems via artificial neural networks913978410.22075/ijnaa.2024.34350.5129ENTaherehJabbari KhanbehbinDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, IranJournal Article20240105This article presents a new approach for solving the Optimal Controls of linear time delay systems with a quadratic cost functional. In this study, the Artificial Neural Networks are employed for convert delay optimal control problem to a unconstrained optimization problem. Then by using an optimization algorithm, the optimal control law is obtained. Finally, Illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_9784_60b51d5251416693a25a24e76c134acc.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Identifying and determining the relationships between performance appraisal indicators in the Iranian banking system15221010710.22075/ijnaa.2023.28335.4560ENKouroshFarahbakhshDepartment of Industrial Management, Financial Orientation, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, IranSinaKheradyarDepartment of Accounting, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, IranKambizShahroodiDepartment of Commercial, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, IranFarzinFarahbodDepartment of Governmental Management, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, IranJournal Article20230628The main purpose of this study is to extract the most important factors for evaluating the performance of the Iranian banking system using the consensus approaches of experts and then to determine the causal relationship between them. The questionnaires were completed by 12 experts. Using the DEMATEL method, the effect of the identified factors on each other was investigated. The most important factors identified for evaluating the banking system are profitability, revenue, financial information systems, customer retention, and timely service. The contribution of this study is to determine the causal relationships between performance evaluation indicators in the Iranian banking system using the methodology proposed for both the financial and non-financial factors.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_10107_1cb32b97d28f6ddb56425d42146ff711.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Prioritizing business strategies in electronic businesses based on competitive advantage (Application of Topsis and AHP methods integration)23341013410.22075/ijnaa.2024.33413.4979ENMohammad HosseinHosseiniDepartment of Industrial Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranAzadeh Al-SadatKhodaeiDepartment of Computer Engineering, Safadasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Safadasht, Tehran, IranJournal Article20240201Choosing the right strategies for the development of e-businesses, along with the development of new technologies and maintaining a competitive advantage, to simultaneously meet organizational expectations and customer expectations, is considered vital. Therefore, identifying and then ranking these strategies according to the rapid developments of the technology world is considered a very basic step in helping to manage this kind of activity. Therefore, in this study, using a descriptive-survey research method and the opinions of 10 food industry experts who had sufficient experience in this field, it were collected using the purposeful sampling method and then using integration of AHP and Topsis methods, the priority and rank of each of these strategies were determined. The final results of this survey showed that the strategies: of branding, marketing in social networks, competitive pricing, customer personalization and mobile optimization are the five priority strategies of e-businesses in the food and edible industries, according to the components They are a competitive advantage that can provide a basis for future studies on the competitiveness of electronic businesses in the food industry due to the comprehensiveness of the criteria and indicators.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_10134_972267c8f782178894ccd4d5d4761d7b.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Presenting a non-linear model and optimization of conservatism and cost of equity based on the moderating role of corporate governance quality35481013910.22075/ijnaa.2024.33852.5048ENSaeidAhmadvandDepartment of Accounting, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranAzitaJahanshadDepartment of Accounting, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranZahraPourzamaniDepartment of Accounting, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20240421Conservatism can reduce equity costs to the optimal level, and then, of course, increasing the level of conservatism will increase equity costs. Considering the existing (linear) relationships between conservatism and the cost of equity, it is important to know whether there is a non-linear relationship between these two components, and considering the impact of corporate governance on this type of relationship (in comparative terms), this issue was also investigated. In this regard, using a non-linear model, the existence of a uniform or U-shaped relationship between conservatism and the cost of equity was investigated. This research has been carried out in the framework of inductive-inductive arguments. In this research, library and field methods were used to collect information. The theoretical foundations and the research carried out were used as a library basis. The statistical population of this research includes all the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the financial periods of 2013-2022. According to Cochran's formula, the number of samples used in this research has been obtained for an error of 0.085 (about 8.5%). According to research findings, there is a non-linear relationship between accounting conservatism and cost of equity. Therefore, it is obvious that the U relationship is the opposite meaning that if conservatism increases in a company, the cost of equity will increase first, and after a certain level of conservatism, an increase in conservatism will lead to a decrease in the cost of equity. Also, the quality of corporate governance affects the non-linear relationship between accounting conservatism and the cost of equity. For this purpose, 5 components of corporate governance, including independence of the board of directors, concentration of ownership, ownership of institutional shareholders, managerial ownership and ownership of real shareholders, were investigated, and the results showed that the quality of corporate governance has a significant effect on the non-linear relationship between accounting conservatism and the cost of equity.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_10139_d37b1f17ab1af495aff682c9507f12be.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Presenting a continuous risk monitoring model in the banking field based on structural equations49721015010.22075/ijnaa.2023.30799.4497ENSorooshShanaki BavarsadDepartment of Accounting, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IranSaeedNasiriDepartment of Accounting, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IranAhmedKaab OmairDepartment of Accounting, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IranAllahKaram SalehiDepartment of Accounting, Masjed Soleyman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Masjed Soleyman, IranJournal Article20230501The purpose of this research is to present a continuous risk monitoring model in the banking sector utilising structural equations. It is a type of behavioural research, specifically exploring the interplay between analytical data concerning banking risks and the behaviour patterns of internal auditors. Smart PLS software was used for analysis. Employees working in all banks and credit, and financial institutions of the private and public sectors have been considered as the statistical population research. A questionnaire, focusing on risk aspects in the banking industry, was developed in collaboration with ten experts. The most important assessment criterion used to evaluate the structural model is the coefficient of determination. which shows the amount of prediction of the model. A model is suitable when it predicts the indicators of latent endogenous variables. The general model includes both the measurement and structural model parts, and by confirming its fit, the fit check in a model is complete. The results of the research indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between market risk and its components (stock risk, exchange rate risk, and securities risk). Similarly, there is a positive and significant relationship between credit risk and its components (centralised facility risk and facility applicant risk. While market and credit risks are well-recognised, operational risk is still unclear for managers. Unlike market and credit risks that exist in specific areas of business, operational risk is a part of all business processes. Additionally, there is a positive and significant relationship between the liquidity risk and its components (the risk of not performing the crisis test, non-commitment of liquidity coverage and other risks).https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_10150_e1e48d611b1f9f2b5d4ed09ab53cd8ee.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Designing a model for developing an ecotourism strategy in Iran using SWOT method73881016510.22075/ijnaa.2024.33540.5002ENGholam HassanHeidariDepartment of Geography, Sadruddin Eini State University, Tajikistan, Dushanbe, TajikistanMahdiNouriaDepartment of Geography, Sadruddin Eini State University, Tajikistan, Dushanbe, TajikistanKhal NazarMohabbatofDepartment of Geography, Sadruddin Eini State University, Tajikistan, Dushanbe, TajikistanJournal Article20240314Today, the speed of technological innovations has caused the formation of social changes and the emergence of leisure time as one of the basic needs of humans. This has led to the development of the tourism industry, tourism and finally the effort to determine tourism destinations on local, national and international scales. Considering the diversity and natural and cultural richness as well as the existence of important potentials and climate diversity in the country of Iran, the need to determine the appropriate strategy for ecotourism of this ancient land and use the economic, social and cultural capacities of this industry in the new order of the global economy, despite It has made oil and gas revenues very vital. Therefore, in this study, using a descriptive-analytical method and using the SOWT analysis approach, the most appropriate strategy for Iran's ecotourism was identified and formulated according to the opinions of 16 experienced experts in this industry in Iran. The results of this study showed that the most appropriate strategy for Iran's eco-tourism is a competitive-aggressive strategy, during which important strategies such as: using climatic diversity and natural attractions to attract eco-tourists; Using Iran's strategic location to attract tourists; use of young and trained workforce; The use of the opportunities created by the Arab spring and finally the use of new technologies should be implemented in order to serve Iran's economic development as a completely clean industry.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_10165_f3bdd1b5ca00a2e8b5a6856bc59fa4eb.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Developing and validating the model of improving good governance in public administration using structural equations891011017210.22075/ijnaa.2024.33436.4984ENAliMoghaddamnezhadDepartment of Management, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, IranShahramMirzaei DaryaniDepartment of Management, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, IranMajidAhmadluDepartment of Management, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, IranFarzadSattari AredebiliDepartment of Management, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, IranJournal Article20240204Good governance is a new theory in the world because every organization needs it to achieve success. Despite the introduction of different characteristics to realize good governance, there is no consensus on these characteristics. Therefore, in this study, the development and validation of the model for improving good governance in public administration is the main goal. This study is qualitative-quantitative and inductive in terms of execution method and cross-sectional in terms of time. The statistical population of the qualitative section is made up of 13 people who know public administration, governance and system approach, and who were selected purposefully. The statistical population of the quantitative part of the study includes officials and senior managers of government organizations in Tehran province, and according to their willingness to cooperate, a sample of 384 people was estimated by adopting the available sampling method. The method of data collection for the theoretical and background foundations was of the library type and related to phishing tools. The method of data collection was a survey and interview, and finally, the proposed model was fitted with the PLS structural equation method. Based on the obtained results, it can be said that causal factors (management skills, unity of direction and common goals and organizational culture), background factors (supervision and control, organizational rules, knowledge management and sustainable development) and intervening factors (Human resources, weakening factors and clarification) affect improving good governance in government organizations with a systemic approach. An issue that will follow the strategies of organizational justice, economic reforms, political and legal reforms, as well as the consequences of people's trust, organizational health, reducing economic problems, and increasing organizational efficiency and transparency.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_10172_4dea74ec646275a55dfb980c56046176.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701A biogeography-based optimization algorithm for data clustering1031121019410.22075/ijnaa.2024.33516.4995ENMohammadrezaShahriariFaculty of Industrial Management, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranArashZaretalabDepartment of Business Management, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20240311Data clustering is a pivotal technique in data mining, essential for organizing data into meaningful groups across diverse domains such as engineering, medicine, and biology. This study introduces a Biogeography-based Optimization (BBO) algorithm to optimize data partitioning by effectively navigating the solution space towards optimal cluster configurations. The algorithm leverages migration and mutation mechanisms inspired by natural biogeography to enhance clustering accuracy. The proposed method is evaluated using various datasets of different scales and complexities, and its performance is benchmarked against conventional clustering algorithms, including K-means, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Comprehensive comparative analyses demonstrate that BBO not only achieves superior clustering accuracy but also exhibits robustness in handling diverse data distributions, underscoring its potential as a valuable tool in data clustering applications.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_10194_e28fc44a7a5e473be019254e9d390f2d.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Notes on matrix inequalities and positive multilinear mappings113121980710.22075/ijnaa.2024.30483.4412ENLeilaNasiriDepartment Mathematics, Lorestan University, IranJournal Article20230428In this paper, our aim is to prove some matrix inequalities involving arbitrary matrix means and positive multilinear mappings. For example, it is shown that for Hermitian matrices $A_{i}, B_{i}$ such that $0 < m \leq A_{i},B_{i} \leq M \,\,(i=1,\cdots, k),$<br />\begin{align*}<br />\Phi^{2} (A_{1} \sigma_{1} B_{1}, \cdots ,A_{k} \sigma_{1} B_{k} ) \leq<br />\left(K(u^{k})\right)^{2}<br />\Phi^{2} (A_{1} \sigma_{2} B_{1}, \cdots ,A_{k} \sigma_{2} B_{k} ),<br />\end{align*}<br />where $\sigma_{1}$ and $ \sigma_{2} $ are two arbitrary matrix means between the arithmetic and harmonic means, $\Phi:\mathscr{M}_n^k(\mathbb{C}) \rightarrow \mathscr{M}_l(\mathbb{C})$ is a positive unital multilinear mapping, $u=\frac{M}{m} $ and $K(u)=\frac{(1+u)^{2}}{4 u}$. We also give the obtained results for the adjoint and the dual of an arbitrary matrix mean.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_9807_2af868f9ec3c2db91e6167244cdff92f.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Estimating the capital asset pricing model based on Tobin's minimum rate of return1231321020010.22075/ijnaa.2024.36111.5347ENNargesRashidbeigiDepartment of Accounting, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, IranMahmoodRahmaniDepartment of Management, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, IranFarzadMoayeriDepartment of Economics, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, IranJournal Article20241001This study aims to present a capital asset pricing model based on Tobin's minimum rate of return in the Iranian stock market. In research conducted in Iran, the bank deposit interest rate has been used as the risk-free interest rate to estimate the capital asset pricing model. Because this rate is determined arbitrarily in Iran, it is not an appropriate estimate of the macroeconomic, social, and political realities of society, and it is not considered a complete index for determining returns in the stock market. Therefore, in this study, Tobin's minimum rate of return has been used instead of the bank deposit interest rate to express the economic, social, and political reality of society. In this regard, information on 32 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, which were selected through multi-stage sampling, has been collected from 2006 to 2010, and with the panel data model, the monthly returns of the sample companies have been calculated and used as the basis for the tests. The results of the tests showed that the capital asset pricing model based on Tobin's minimum rate of return, compared to the CAPM method in different cases, has a more appropriate explanation of the stock return rate and the estimation of systematic risk in the Iranian stock market.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_10200_4c173e24ef37b219bc049babafe95eac.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701The use of nanofluids in building materials for energy efficiency and optimization in buildings1331401023110.22075/ijnaa.2024.34399.5140ENHasanMehrabi BoshrabadiArchitecture Department, Higher Education Complex of Zarand, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, IranHosseinBiglariArchitecture Department, Higher Education Complex of Zarand, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, IranJournal Article20240610This study presents a methodology for investigating the thermal properties and energy efficiency improvements offered by nanofluids when used in building materials. The research focuses on nanofluids containing Silica (SiO2), Alumina (Al2O3), and Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) dispersed in a water/ethylene glycol base fluid. The nanofluids were synthesized using the two-step method, ensuring stable dispersion through ultrasonic agitation and surfactants. An experimental setup, including a liquid-to-air heat exchanger, temperature sensors, and flow meters, was utilized to measure the thermal performance of the nanofluids. Computational models incorporating formulas for effective density, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity were developed to predict thermal performance and validated against experimental results. The findings indicate significant improvements in thermal conductivity and heat transfer efficiency, demonstrating the potential of nanofluids to enhance energy efficiency in HVAC systems and building materials. This study underscores the importance of ongoing research and innovation in nanotechnology to overcome challenges related to stability and production costs, paving the way for the broader adoption of nanofluids in sustainable construction practices.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_10231_3a6b255b1183a20df992b49bc4687e8b.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Presentation of the model of financial behavior of accounting department employees of non-governmental public institutions based on data analytical skills (case example: Housing Foundation of Islamic Revolution)1411551024710.22075/ijnaa.2024.33523.4997ENJamalAfkhami ArdakaniDepartment of Accounting, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, IranKavehAzinfarDepartment of Accounting, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, IranImanDadashiDepartment of Accounting, University of Qom, Qom, IranRezaFallahDepartment of Accounting, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, IranJournal Article20240212The current research was conducted with the aim of presenting the financial behavior pattern of accounting department employees of non-governmental public institutions based on data analytical skills. The statistical population of the current research was all employees of the accounting department of the Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation, which was determined by the Cochran formula to have a sample size of 294. The information collected by questionnaires was analyzed by SPSS24 and Smart PLS3 software using structural equation modeling. The findings show that data analytical skills have a significant effect on the accountability of accounting department employees of non-governmental public institutions. Data analytical skills have a positive and significant effect on the participation of accounting department employees of non-governmental public institutions. Data analytical skills have a significant impact on compliance with the principles of corporate governance of accounting department employees of non-governmental public institutions. Analytical data skills have a positive and significant effect on compliance with the law of accounting department employees of non-governmental public institutions. Data analytical skills have a positive and significant effect on participation in other departments by accounting department employees of non-governmental public institutions. Data analytical skills have a positive and significant effect on the structuralism of accounting department employees of non-governmental public institutions. Data analytical skills have a positive and significant effect on the reporting quality of accounting department employees of non-governmental public institutions. Data analytical skills have a positive and significant impact on budgeting and budgetary expectations of accounting department employees of non-governmental public institutions. Finally, the results of the main hypothesis showed that data analytical skills have a positive and significant effect on the financial behavior of accounting department employees of non-governmental public institutions.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_10247_1b4efb8526cc6cc550ca376158a33d9b.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Bi-objective IoT applications deployment in fog environment using parallel ACO157170979410.22075/ijnaa.2023.31875.4729ENFatemehSaadianDepartment of Computer Engineering, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, IranHomayunMotameniDepartment of Computer Engineering, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran0000-0003-2150-2811MehdiGolsorkhtabaramiriDepartment of Computer Engineering, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, IranJournal Article20230823Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) is inevitable in human daily life. Many IoT-based applications are executed on interoperable devices via the IoT-Fog-Cloud continuum to satisfy users’ requirements. Such applications are generally time-sensitive, so they must be executed in real-time. The time constraint satisfaction strongly depends on the strategy of application placement on processing nodes. In this paper, a multi-objective optimization strategy for deploying microservices of real-time IoT applications is presented, which is considered among the challenging problems in fog and edge environments. A bi-objective optimization model for three-level deadline-aware application services is proposed, which is solved by using a parallel version of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) metaheuristic. The simulation results using IFogSim2, the new release of the famous Fog simulator IFogSim, show the superiority of the proposed approach compared to counterpart algorithms in terms of total resource wastage, total network latency, the main objective function, and execution time.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_9794_cf8de85817767bc04342c76cd07553ba.pdfSemnan UniversityInternational Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications2008-682217720260701Investigation of a nonlocal Stieltjes type coupled boundary value problem of higher order nonlinear ordinary differential equations171181979910.22075/ijnaa.2025.35779.5319ENRavi PAgarwalDepartment of Mathematics and Systems Engineering Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL 32901, USABashirAhmadNonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaAhmedAlsaediNonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaAmmar B.WaliNonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20241101We explore the existence criteria for solutions of a coupled system of two higher-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations supplemented with nonlocal and Stieltjes-type coupled boundary conditions. Such problems are useful in view of their occurrence in certain physical phenomena (see Section 1). In our first result, we apply the Leray-Schauder alternative to establish the existence of solutions to the given problem, while the second result deals with the uniqueness of solutions for the problem at hand, and it is based on Banach's fixed-point theorem. Examples are included to illustrate the results obtained. Finally, we indicate some new results arising as special cases of the ones presented in this paper.https://ijnaa.semnan.ac.ir/article_9799_d673c5e5e36f18f1f2e1409f9b7ed371.pdf