International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications
Comparative study and performance investigation of MANET routing protocols
Document Type : Review articles
Authors
Department of Computer Engineering, University of Technology, Iraq
Abstract
MANETs (Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks) are fast-developing networks that gaining popularity in the recent period. They play an important part in a variety of applications, and as a result, they got a lot of attention. Routing remains a challenging problem in a MANET since it lacks infrastructure due to its self-configuration nature in addition to the frequent changes in topology due to node mobility. The requirement in MANET routing protocols is to send and receive information among the nodes with the best route with lower delay. Routing protocols are responsible for the efficient delivery of messages between mobile nodes with a focus on the use of limited resources. This paper investigates a group of the most prominent routing protocols of MANET and compares their performance in regard to different parameters such as (end-to-end delay, throughput, average jitter, and routing overhead). The protocols' performance is evaluated under different operating conditions, such as the terrain size that reflect different node density for various terrain dimensions. The amount of data exchanged is varied also through varying the number of bit-rate connections for the same network size. Results of the developed scenarios for the investigated protocols with the considered parameters are collected with the aid of the QualNet v5.2 network simulator.
Keywords
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(2019), 85937–85948.
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Conf. Exhib. (GCCCE), IEEE, 2017, pp. 1–5.
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IEEE 14th Int. Conf. Appl. Inf. Commun. Technol. (AICT), IEEE, 2020, pp. 1–8.
[23] B. Rana, and D. Rana, Energy efficient load balancing with clustering approach in MANET, Int. Conf. Energy
Commun. Data Anal. Soft Comput.(ICECDS), IEEE, August 2017, pp. 2019–2024.[24] Q. Razouqi, A. Boushehri and M. Gaballah, Performance analysis for diverse simulation scenarios for DSDV,
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[25] A.S. Roque, N. Jazdi, E.P. Freitas and C.E. Pereira, Performance analysis of in-vehicle distributed control systems
applying a real-time jitter monitor, IEEE 18th Int. Conf. Ind. Inf. (INDIN), 2020, pp. 663–668.
[26] A. Roy and T. Deb, Performance comparison of routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks, Proc. Int. Conf.
Comput. Commun. Syst., Springer, Singapore, 2018, pp. 33–48.
[27] P.K. Sahu, B.M. Acharya and N. Panda, QoS-aware unicasting hybrid routing protocol for MANETs, Intell. Cloud
Comput., Springer, Singapore, 2021, pp. 631–640.
[28] K.P. Sampoornam and G. Raaga Darshini, Performance analysis of Bellman Ford, AODV, DSR, ZRP and DYMO
routing protocol in MANET using EXATA, Int. Conf. Adv. Comput. Commun. Engine.(ICACCE), IEEE, 2019,
pp. 1–5.
[29] E. Setijadi, I. Purnama and M. Hery, MPR selection to the OLSR quality of service in MANET using preferred
group broadcasting, IAENG Int. J. Comput. Sci. 46 (2019), no. 2.
[30] A. Sharma and R. Kumar, Performance comparison and detailed study of AODV, DSDV, DSR, TORA and OLSR
routing protocols in ad hoc networks, Fourth Int. Conf. Parallel, Distribut. Grid Comput.(PDGC), IEEE, 2016,
pp. 732–736.
[31] G. Singh and R. Khurana, Performance evaluation of DSR, OLSR and ZRP using NetSim simulator, Int. J. Adv.
Res. Comput. Sci. 8 (2017), no. 3, 346–349.
[32] S.K. Singh and J. Prakash, Energy efficiency and load balancing in MANET: a survey, 6th Int. Conf. Adv.
Comput. Commun. Syst. (ICACCS), IEEE, 2020, pp. 832–837.
[33] D.W. Sudiharto, N.R. Pradana and S. Prabowo, The comparative analysis of energy consumption between OLSR
and ZRP routing protocols, J. Commun. 14 (2019), no. 3, 202-209.
[34] T.H. Sureshbhai, M. Mahajan and M.K. Rai, An investigational analysis of DSDV, AODV and DSR routing
protocols in mobile Ad Hoc networks, Int. Conf. Intell. Circuits Syst. (ICICS), IEEE, 2018, pp. 281–285.
[35] A. Tiwari and I. Kaur, Performance evaluaron of energy efficient for MANET using AODV routing protocol, 3rd
Int. Conf. Comput. Intell. Commun. Technol. (CICT), IEEE, 2017, pp. 1–5.
[36] R.K. Upadhyay, S. Kumar and J. Wasim, Performance of MANET routing protocols with varying mobility speed
and group mobility model, Vidyabharati Int. Interdisciplin. Res. J. 2021 (2021), 28–32.
[37] S. Vemuri and S. Mirkar, A performance comparison of MANET routing protocols, Innov. Power Adv. Comput.
Technol. (i-PACT), IEEE, 2021, pp. 1–5.
of manet, IEEE 7th Int. Adv. Comput. Conf. (IACC), IEEE, 2017, pp. 345–348.
[2] U. Aliyu, H. Takruri, M. Hope and A. G. Halilu, DS-OLSR–disaster scenario optimized link state routing protocol,
12th Int. Symp. Commun. Syst. Networks Digital Signal Process.(CSNDSP), 2020, pp. 1–6.[3] F.A. Al-Zahrani, On Modeling Optimizations and Enhancing Routing Protocols for Wireless Multihop Networks,
IEEE Access 8 (2020), 68953–68973.
[4] S. Aswale and V.R. Ghorpade, Geographic multipath routing based on triangle link quality metric with minimum
inter-path interference for wireless multimedia sensor networks, J. King Saud Univ.-Comput. Inf. Sci. 33 (2021),
no. 1, 33–44.
[5] Y. Bai, Y. Mai and N. Wang, Performance comparison and evaluation of the proactive and reactive routing
protocols for MANETs, Wireless Telecommun. Symp. (WTS), 2017, pp. 1–5.
[6] F. Chbib, A. Khalil, W. Fahs, R. Chbib and A. Raad, Improvement of olsr protocol by using bacis up mpr and
routing table mechanisms, Int. Arab Conf. Inf. Technol.(ACIT), IEEE, 2018, pp. 1–6.
[7] H. Choi and J. Lee, Local flooding-based on-demand routing protocol for mobile Ad Hoc networks, IEEE Access 7
(2019), 85937–85948.
[8] N. Ebrahimi Majd, N. Ho, T. Nguyen and J. Stolmeier, Evaluation of parameters affecting the performance of
routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) with a focus on energy efficiency, Future Inf. Commun.
Conf., Springer, Cham, 2019, pp. 1210–1219.
[9] M.H. Eiza, Q. Ni, T. Owens and G. Min, Investigation of routing reliability of vehicular ad hoc networks, EURASIP
J. Wireless Commun. Network. 2013 (2013), no. 1, 1–15.
[10] M.A. Elsadig, Y.A. Fadlalla and A. Altigani, Performance analysis of popular manet protocols, 9th IEEE-GCC
Conf. Exhib. (GCCCE), IEEE, 2017, pp. 1–5.
[11] A.M. El-Semary and H. Diab, BP-AODV: Blackhole protected AODV routing protocol for MANETs based on
chaotic map, IEEE Access 7 (2019), 95197–95211.
[12] J.J. Ferronato and M.A.S. Trentin, Analysis of routing protocols OLSR, AODV and ZRP in real urban vehicular
scenario with density variation, IEEE Latin Amer. Trans. 15 (2017), no. 9, 1727–1734.
[13] A.A. Hashim, M.M. Farhan and S. Alshybani, Performance evaluation of OLSR and AODV routing protocols
over mobile ad-hoc networks, First Int. Conf. Intell. Comput. Engin. (ICOICE), IEEE, 2019, pp. 1–8.
[14] R. Jain and I. Kashyap, Experimental load analysis of AODV, OLSR in MANETS, IIOAB J. 9 (2018), 78–82.
[15] M.A. Jubair, S.H. Khaleefah, A. Budiyono, S.A. Mostafa and A. Mustapha, Performance evaluation of AODV and
OLSR routing protocols in MANET environment, Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol. 8 (2018), no. 4, 1277–1283.
[16] A. Ksentini, M. Jebalia and S. Tabbane, IoT/cloud-enabled smart services: A review on QoS requirements in fog
environment and a proposed approach based on priority classification technique, Int. J. Commun. Syst. 34 (2021),
no. 2, e4269.
[17] A. Kurniawan, P. Kristalina and M.Z.S. Hadi, Performance analysis of routing protocols AODV, OLSR and DSDV
on MANET using NS3, Int. Electron. Symp. (IES), 2020, pp. 199–206.
[18] M. Kumar, C. Sharma, A. Dhiman and A.K. Rangra, Performance variation of routing protocols with mobility
and scalability in MANET, Next-Gen. Networks, Springer, Singapore, 2018, pp. 9–21.
[19] E. Kurode, N. Vora, S. Patil and V. Attar, MANET routing protocols with emphasis on zone routing protocol–an
overview, IEEE Region 10 Symp. (TENSYMP), IEEE, 2021, pp. 1–6.
[20] M. Mehra and M. Fatima, AODV and ZRP Analysis for Congestion in MANE, Int. J. Res. Engin. Sci. Manag.
3 (2020).
[21] A. Nabou, M.D. Laanaoui and M. Ouzzif, The effect of transmit power on MANET routing protocols using AODV,
DSDV, DSR and OLSR in NS3, Int. Conf. Adv. Intell. Syst. Sustain. Dev., Springer, Cham, 2018, pp. 274–286.
[22] K. Nisar, I.A. Lawal, U.I. Abdulmalik, A.A. Mu’azu, B.S. Chowdhry, S. Khan and S. Memon, QoS analysis of
the MANET routing protocols with respect to delay, throughput, and Network load: Challenges and open issues,
IEEE 14th Int. Conf. Appl. Inf. Commun. Technol. (AICT), IEEE, 2020, pp. 1–8.
[23] B. Rana, and D. Rana, Energy efficient load balancing with clustering approach in MANET, Int. Conf. Energy
Commun. Data Anal. Soft Comput.(ICECDS), IEEE, August 2017, pp. 2019–2024.[24] Q. Razouqi, A. Boushehri and M. Gaballah, Performance analysis for diverse simulation scenarios for DSDV,
DSR and AODV MANET routing protocols, 13th Int. Comput. Engin. Conf. (ICENCO), 2017, pp. 30–35.
[25] A.S. Roque, N. Jazdi, E.P. Freitas and C.E. Pereira, Performance analysis of in-vehicle distributed control systems
applying a real-time jitter monitor, IEEE 18th Int. Conf. Ind. Inf. (INDIN), 2020, pp. 663–668.
[26] A. Roy and T. Deb, Performance comparison of routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks, Proc. Int. Conf.
Comput. Commun. Syst., Springer, Singapore, 2018, pp. 33–48.
[27] P.K. Sahu, B.M. Acharya and N. Panda, QoS-aware unicasting hybrid routing protocol for MANETs, Intell. Cloud
Comput., Springer, Singapore, 2021, pp. 631–640.
[28] K.P. Sampoornam and G. Raaga Darshini, Performance analysis of Bellman Ford, AODV, DSR, ZRP and DYMO
routing protocol in MANET using EXATA, Int. Conf. Adv. Comput. Commun. Engine.(ICACCE), IEEE, 2019,
pp. 1–5.
[29] E. Setijadi, I. Purnama and M. Hery, MPR selection to the OLSR quality of service in MANET using preferred
group broadcasting, IAENG Int. J. Comput. Sci. 46 (2019), no. 2.
[30] A. Sharma and R. Kumar, Performance comparison and detailed study of AODV, DSDV, DSR, TORA and OLSR
routing protocols in ad hoc networks, Fourth Int. Conf. Parallel, Distribut. Grid Comput.(PDGC), IEEE, 2016,
pp. 732–736.
[31] G. Singh and R. Khurana, Performance evaluation of DSR, OLSR and ZRP using NetSim simulator, Int. J. Adv.
Res. Comput. Sci. 8 (2017), no. 3, 346–349.
[32] S.K. Singh and J. Prakash, Energy efficiency and load balancing in MANET: a survey, 6th Int. Conf. Adv.
Comput. Commun. Syst. (ICACCS), IEEE, 2020, pp. 832–837.
[33] D.W. Sudiharto, N.R. Pradana and S. Prabowo, The comparative analysis of energy consumption between OLSR
and ZRP routing protocols, J. Commun. 14 (2019), no. 3, 202-209.
[34] T.H. Sureshbhai, M. Mahajan and M.K. Rai, An investigational analysis of DSDV, AODV and DSR routing
protocols in mobile Ad Hoc networks, Int. Conf. Intell. Circuits Syst. (ICICS), IEEE, 2018, pp. 281–285.
[35] A. Tiwari and I. Kaur, Performance evaluaron of energy efficient for MANET using AODV routing protocol, 3rd
Int. Conf. Comput. Intell. Commun. Technol. (CICT), IEEE, 2017, pp. 1–5.
[36] R.K. Upadhyay, S. Kumar and J. Wasim, Performance of MANET routing protocols with varying mobility speed
and group mobility model, Vidyabharati Int. Interdisciplin. Res. J. 2021 (2021), 28–32.
[37] S. Vemuri and S. Mirkar, A performance comparison of MANET routing protocols, Innov. Power Adv. Comput.
Technol. (i-PACT), IEEE, 2021, pp. 1–5.
)
Volume 13, Issue 2
July 2022Pages 1953-1964
- Receive Date: 15 March 2022
- Revise Date: 06 April 2022
- Accept Date: 01 May 2022