Modeling of the real earning management resulted from investment activities

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Accounting, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

2 Department of Mathematics, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

Selling fixed assets when the current operating income is decreasing is essential for managing real earnings among companies. Therefore, this study aimed to design a model for realizing tangible fixed asset sales revenue and investments to address the real earning in the Tehran Stock Exchange. This inductive and correlational-analytical study was conducted on 138 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2018, of which 1242 samples were selected using the systematic elimination method. First, the model of Gunny (49) and the proposed model were tested after passing the necessary assumptions and in a statistical sample, and the proposed model showed a better fit. In the second step, the remaining values of the two models were tested as real earning management with several other variables in a new model. The results showed both models' reasonable explanatory power and a weak relationship with some variables.

Keywords

[1] A.S. Ahmed and S. Duellman, Managerial overconfidence and accounting conservatism, J. Account. Res. 51 (2013), no. 1, 1–30.
[2] T.G. Canace and L. Salzsieder, The timing of asset purchases to achieve earnings thresholds, J. Manag. Account. Res. 28 (2016), no. 1, 81–106.
[3] Q. Cheng, J. Lee, and T. Shevlin, Internal governance and real earnings management, Account. Rev. 91 (2016), no. 4, 1051–1085.
[4] P.M. Dechow, S.A. Richardson, and I. Tuna, Why are earnings kinky? an examination of the earnings management explanation, Rev. Account. Stud. 8 (2003), 355–384.
[5] L.G. Eldenburg, k.A. Gunny, K.W. Hee and N. Soderstrom, Earnings management using real activities: Evidence from nonprofit hospitals, Account. Rev. 86 (2011), no. 5, 1605–1630.
[6] A. Greiner, M.J. Kohlbeck and T.J. Smith, The relationship between aggressive real earnings management and current and future audit fees, J. Practice Theory 6 (2017), no. 1, 85–107.
[7] K. Gunny, The relation between earnings management using real activities manipulation and future performance: Evidence from meeting earnings benchmarks contemporary, Aaccount. Res. 27 (2010), no. 3, 855–888.
[8] K. Gunny, What are the consequences of real earnings management, Working paper, University of Colorado, 2005.
[9] J. Guo, P. Huang, Y. Zhang, and N. Zhou, Foreign ownership and real earnings management: Evidence from Japan, J. Int. Account. Res. 14 (2020), no. 2, 185–213.
[10] A. Habib, D. Ranasinghe, J.Y. Wu, P.K. Biswas, and F. Ahmad, Real earnings management: A review of the international literature, Account. Finance 62 (2022), no. 4, 4279–4344.
[11] D. Herrmann, T. Inoue, and W.B. Thomas, The sale of assets to manage earnings in Japan, J. Account. Res. 41 (2003), no. 1, 89–108.
[12] M. Hirschey, K.R. Smith, and W.M. Wilson, Financial reporting credibility after SOX: Evidence from earnings restatements, Working Paper, (2012), Available at SSRN 1652982.
[13] H.L. Huang, L.W. Liang, H.Y. Chang, and H.Y. Hsu, The influence of earnings management and board characteristics on company efficiency, Sustainability 13 (2021), no. 21, 2–18.
[14] J. Jones, Earnings management during import relief investigations, J. Account. Res. 29 (1991), no. 2, 193–228.
[15] C.U. Joseph, W.M. Terry and E. Anna, Culture’s consequence: The relationship between income-increasing earnings management and IAS/IFRS adoption across cultures, Adv. Account. 37 (2017), 140–151.
[16] K. Karimi and E. Rahnama Roudposhti, Behavioral tendencies and motivations of profit management, Knowledge Account. Manag. Audit. 4 (2015), no. 4, 15–32.
[17] A. Kouaib and A. Amel Jarboui, Real earnings management in innovative firms: Does CEO profile make a difference?, J. Behav. Experiment. Finance 12 (2016), 40–54
[18] L. Li, Is there a trade-off between accrual-based and real earnings? Evidence from equity compensation and market pricing, Finance Res. Lett. 28 (2019), 191–197.
[19] S. Liu, S. Lin, Z. Sun and L. Yuan, Earnings management and firms’ investment behavior: The threshold effect of ROE, Emerg. Markets Rev. 47 (2021), 100797.
[20] J. Masoumi, H. Niko Maram and Gh. Talebnia, Identification and ranking of factors affecting the detection of fraud in financial statements using a hierarchical process, Knowledge Account. Manag. Audit 9 (2020), no. 35, 1–20.
[21] Gh. Moradi Roudposhti, F. Rahnama Roudposhti, and Z. Hajiha, Presenting a comprehensive profit management model based on critical thinking using the fuzzy ANP method, Manag. Account. Audit. Knowledge 10 (2021), no. 40, 121–134.
[22] P. Motamedi, Y. Tariverdi, and F. Heydarpour, The effect of CEO power on accrual-based earnings management and real earnings management, J. Empir. Res. Account. 12 (2022), no. 4, 341–360.
[23] Y. Nobakht and M. Ajar, The effect of accrual and actual profit management on company value: research on companies listed on the Tehran stock exchange, Financ. Res. 22 (2020), no. 4, 568–593.
[24] K. Park, Pay disparities within top management teams and earning management, J. Account. Public Policy. 36 (2017), 59–81.
[25] F. Rahnama Roudposhti and A.R. Mohseni, Writing management and profit management, Account. Experimen. Res. 8 (2017), no. 30, 21–51.
[26] A. Saeidi, N. Hamidian, and H. Rabiei, The relationship between real profit management activities and future performance of companies listed on the Tehran stock exchange, Manag. Account. 17 (2021).
[27] Z. Sajjadi, A. Pariad, and A. Balani, The effect of board characteristics on the relationship between ownership structure and profit classification change, J. Account. Knowledge. 13 (2022), no. 1, 167–184.
[28] N. Seybert, Experienced executives’ views of the effects of R&D capitalization on reputation-driven real earnings management: A replication of survey data from Seybert, Behav. Res. Account. 28 (2010), no. 2, 85–90.
[29] P. Vorst, Real earnings management and long-term operating performance: The role of reversals in discretionary investment cuts, Account. Rev. 91 (2016), no. 4, 1219–1256.
[30] M. Wilson and L.W. Wang, Earnings management following chief executive officer changes: The effect of contemporaneous chairperson and chief financial officer appointments, Account. Finance 50 (2009), no. 2, 447–480.
[31] A.Y. Zang, Evidence on the trade-off between real activities manipulation and accrual-based earnings management, Account. Rev. 87 (2012), 675–703.
Volume 15, Issue 7
July 2024
Pages 263-280
  • Receive Date: 15 March 2023
  • Revise Date: 01 July 2023
  • Accept Date: 22 July 2023