International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications

Performance analysis of multicast routing using multi agent zone based mechanism in MANET

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malla Reddy Engineering College for Women, Maisammaguda, Hyderabad 500100. Telangana

2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sri Indu College of Engineering ; Technology Sheriguda, Hyderabad, Telangana 501510

3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Siddhartha Institute of Technology and Sciences, Narapally, Hyderabad, Telangana 500088

4 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

5 Department Of ECE, Christian College of Engineering ;Technology, Oddanchatram- 624619, Tamilnadu

Abstract

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a structure less and emerging technology in recent years. Generally, this structure forms a network with nodes with inherent characteristics, including resource heterogeneity, node reliability, etc. In this manuscript, we proposed a Multi-Agent-Based Zone Routing (MAZR) protocol for enhancing the performance of MANET. Our proposed MAZR is works based on the principle of packet forwarding through intermediate and zone leaders. It consists of multiple agents, which include static and dynamic mobile agents. The proposed implementation is done as follows: Initially discovering the zone leader’s .The discovered zone leaders are connected to the communication nodes. The communication nodes and zone leaders are associated for building the network backbones for achieving multicast routing .To the multicast, zone members are connected .The zone managements, backbone and highly mobile nodes are initiated. The proposed MAZR protocol comprises five types of agents: Path agent, Network control agent, Multicast control agent, Network launch agent, and Multicast control agents. The Path agent, Network control agent, and Multicast control agent are static, and Network launch agents and Multicast control agents are mobile. The future protocol's performance is determined using the experimental work based on the evaluation metrics like delay, power consumption, and network lifetime. The obtained results prove the future MAZR is far improved than the Zone-based Hierarchical Link Protocol and Zone Routing Protocol in all aspects and ensures flexibility with versatile multicast service.

Keywords

[1] M. Abolhasan, T. Wysocki and E. Dutkiewicz, A review of routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks, Ad Hoc Networks, 2 (2016) 1-22.
[2] S. Basagni, M. Conti, S. Giordano and I. Stojmenovic, Mobile Ad Hoc Networking: Cutting Edge Directions, Wiley-IEEE Press, Second edition 2013.
[3] N. Beijar, Zone routing protocol (ZRP), Networking Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland, 9 (2008) 1-12.
[4] B. Bhushan, S. Gupta and C. K. Nagpal, Comparison of on demand routing protocols,Int. J. Inf. Technol. Comput. Sci., 5(3)(2013) 61-68.
[5] N. Chugh, G. S. Tomar, R. S. Bhadoria and N. Saxena, A Novel Anomaly Behavior Detection Scheme for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Electronics, 10 (2021) 1635.
[6] T. Clausen and P. Jacquet, RFC3626: Optimized link state routing protocol (OLSR), RFC Editor, (2003) 1-75.
[7] Z. J. Haas and M. R. Pearlman, The performance of query control schemes for the zone routing protocol, IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking, 9 (2001) 427-438.
[8] F. A. Khan, W. C. Song and K. J. Ahn, Performance analysis of location-aware grid-based hierarchical routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks, Wireless Commun. Mobile Comput. , 2018(2018), https://doi.org/10. 1155/2018/1583205.
[9] C. Perkins, E. Belding-Royer and S. Das, RFC3561: Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing, RFC Editor, (2003) 1-37.
[10] N. J. Qasim, S. M. Mohammed, A. S. Sosa and I. Albarazanchi, Reactive protocols for unified user profiling for anomaly detection in mobile Ad Hoc networks, Periodicals of Eng. Nat. Sci. , 7 (2019) 843–852.
[11] C. S. Ram and M. B. S. Murthy, Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Architectures and Protocols, Pearson Education, India 2004.
[12] S. K. Sarkar, T.G. Basavaraju and C. Puttamadappa, Ad hoc mobile wireless networks: principles, protocols and applications, Second edition, CRC Press, (2013) 1-349.
[13] M. Shakya and K. Markam, Comparison of AODV and DSR routing protocols by using group mobility model with varying pause time in vehicular Ad-Hoc network, Int J Hybrid Info Technol., 9 (2016) 177–182.
[14] R. Shanthy and T. Padma, A zone routing protocol incorporated with sleep scheduling for MANETs, J. Ambient Intell. Hum. Comput. , 12 (2021) 4181-4191.
[15] C. Z. Sirmollo and M. A. Bitew, Mobility-Aware Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, WirelessCommun. Mobile Comput., 2021(2021) https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6672297.
International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications
Volume 13, Issue 1
March 2022
Pages 1047-1055
  • Receive Date: 25 May 2021
  • Revise Date: 30 September 2021
  • Accept Date: 12 October 2021