[1] L. Abbott, S. Parker, and G. Peters, Audit committee characteristics and restatements, Audit.: J. Practice Theory 23 (2004), no. 1, 69–87.
[2] S. Abidin, and N. Ahmad Zaluki, Auditor industry specialism and reporting timeliness, Procedia-Soc. Behav. Sci. 65 (2012), 873–878.
[3] A. Ahmad Pour and A. Ahmadi, Using the qualitative features of financial information in evaluating the quality of profit, Account. Audit. Stud. 15 (2008), no. 52, 1–3.
[4] K. Ahmed, K. Chalmers, and H. Khlif, A meta-analysis of IFRS adoption effects, Int. J. Account. 48 (2013), no. 2, 173–217.
[5] S.H. Alavi Tabari Hossein and M. Parsai, The relationship between audit quality and corporate transparency in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, Quart. J. Account. Financ. Audit Res. 11 (2018), no. 41, 43–68.
[6] H. Alavi Tabari and Z. Arifmanesh, Examining the relationship between the expertise of the auditor industry and the delay in submitting the audit report in the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange, Account. knowledge 14 (2012), 7–26.
[7] M.S. Alinejad and S. Tarfi, The effect of management ability on financing policy, Sci. Res. J. Account. Knowledge 8 (2016), no. 2, 159–180.
[8] H. Al-Shaer, A. Salama, and S. Toms, Audit committees and financial reporting quality: Evidence from UK environmental accounting disclosures, J. Appl. Account. Res. 18 (2017), no. 1, 2–21.
[9] Y. Badavar Nahandi, A. Pak Meram, and Q. Qadri, The effect of financial reporting quality on the interaction between agency costs and stock price adjustment speed, J. Shiraz Univ. Account. Adv. 10 (2017), no. 2, 60–31.
[10] J. Baharstan, M.H. Khan Mohammadi, and Sh. Yazdani, Ranking methods for measuring financial reporting transparency: An application of hierarchical analysis, Sci. Res. J. Account. Knowledge 10 (2018), no. 2, 157–182.
[11] B. Bani Mahd, Y. Hassas Yeganeh, and N. Yazdanian, Earnings management and auditor’s opinion: Evidence from the private sector of auditing, Manag. Account. Sci. Res. Quart. 7 (2013), no. 21.
[12] M.E. Barth, and K. Schipper, Financial reporting transparency, J. Account. Audit. Finance 23 (2008), 173–190.
[13] M.E. Barth, Y. Konchitchki, and W. R. Landsman, Cost of capital and earnings transparency, J. Account. Econ. 55 (2013), no. 2-3, 206–224.
[14] A. Bazarafshan, R. Hijazi, A. Rahmani, and S. Bastani, Meta-analysis of audit committee independence and financial reporting quality, Manag. Account. Sci. Res. Quart. 8 (2014), no. 25, 1–17.
[15] J. Bedard, S. Chtourou, and L. Courteau, The effect of audit committee expertise, independence, and activity on aggressive earnings management, Audit.: J. Practice Theory 23 (2004), no. 2, 13–35.
[16] G. Biddle, G. Hilary, and R. Verdi, How does financial reporting quality relate to investment efficiency?, J. Account. Econ. 48 (2009), 112–131.
[17] B. Blanco, J.M. Garcia Lara, and T. Josep, The relation between segment disclosure and earnings quality, J. Account. Public Policy 33 (2014), no. 5, 449–469.
[18] R. Bloomfield, The incomplete revelation hypothesis and financial reporting, Account. Horizons 16 (2002), 233–243.
[19] F. Bohm, L.H. Bollen, and H.F. Hassink, Audit committee charter scope: Determinants and effects on audit committee effort, Int. J. Audit. 20 (2016), no. 2, 119–132.
[20] S.B. Bonsall and B.P. Miller, The impact of narrative disclosure readability on bond ratings and the cost of debt, Rev. Account. Stud. 22 (2017), no. 2, 608–643.
[21] C.A. Botosan, Disclosure level and the cost of equity capital, Account. Rev. 72 (1997), 323–349.
[22] M. Bradbury, Y.T. Mak, and S. Tan, Board characteristics, audit committee characteristics and abnormal accruals, Pacific Account. Rev. 18 (2006), no. 2, 47–68.
[23] S. Bronson, N.J.V. Carcello, C.W. Hollingsworth, and T.L. Neal, Are fully independent audit committees really necessary?, Account. Public Policy 28 (2009), 265–280.
[24] S.S Brown and A. Hillegeist, How disclosure quality affects the level of information asymmetry, Rev. Acc. Stud. 12 (2007), 443–477.
[25] P. Brown, International financial reporting standards: What are the benefits? Account. Bus. Res. 41 (2011), no. 3, 269–285.
[26] R. Bushman and A. Smith, Financial accounting information and corporate governance, J. Account. Econ. 32 (2001), no. 1-3, 237–333.
[27] R. Bushman, J. Piotroski and A. Smith, What determines corporate transparency?, J. Account. Res. 42 (2004), no. 2, 207–252.
[28] M. Butler, J. Andrew, and M.W. Leonea, An empirical analysis of auditor reporting and its association with abnormal accruals, J. Account. Econ. 37 (2004), 139–165.
[29] J. Carcello, T. Neal, Z. Palmrose, and S. Scholz, CEO involvement in selecting board members, audit committee effectiveness, and restatements, Contemp. Account. Res. 28 (2011), no. 2, 396–430.
[30] P.K. Chaney, M. Faccio, and D.C. Parsley, The quality of accounting information in politically connected firms, J. Account. Econ. 51 (2011), no. 1-2, 58–76.
[31] J.C. Chang and H.L. Sun, Cross-listed foreign firms’ earnings informativeness, earnings management and dis[1]closures of corporate governance information under SOX, Int. J. Account. 44 (2009), 1–32.
[32] A. Che-Ahmad and Sh. Abidin, Audit delay of listed companies: A case of Malaysia, Int. Bus. Res. 1 (2008), no. 4, 32–39.
[33] J.J. Chen and H. Zhang, The impact of the corporate governance code on earnings management–Evidence from Chinese listed companies, Eur. Financ. Manag. 20 (2014), no. 3, 596–632.
[34] Y. Chen, X. Hua, and A. Boateng, Effects of foreign acquisitions on financial constraints, dose the role of disclosure transparency matter?, Int. Bus. Rev. 25 (2016), no. 6, 218–235.
[35] D. Cormier and L. Marie-Josee, The moderating effect of voluntary disclosure on the relation between earnings quality and information asymmetry: Some Canadian evidence, Int. J. Account. Audit. Perform. Eval. 8 (2012), no. 2, 157–183.
[36] C.P. Cullinan. F. Wang, B. Yang, and J. Zhang, Audit opinion improvement and the timing of disclosure, Adv. Account. Incorp. Adv. Int. Account. 28 (2012), 333–343.
[37] M. Delkhosh and Z. Farrokhi, The role of management ability in predicting the financial crisis (companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange, Islamic Human. Month. 1 (2015), no. 12.
[38] P. Demerjian, B. Lev, M. Lewis, and S. MacVay, Managerial ability and earnings quality, Account. Rev. 88 (2013), no. 2, 463–498.
[39] P. Demerjian, B. Lev, and S. McVay, Quantifying managerial ability: A new measure and validity tests, Manag. Sci. 58 (2012), no. 7, 1229–1248.
[40] P.R. Demerjian, B. Lev, M.F. Lewis, and S.E. McVay, Managerial ability and earnings quality, Account. Rev. 88 (2013), no. 2, 463–498.
[41] T. DeZoort, D.Hermanson, D. Archambeault, and S. Reed, Audit committee effectiveness: A synthesis of the empirical audit committee literature, J. Account. Liter. 21 (2002), 38–75.
[42] E.P. Dimitropoulos, D. Asteriou, D. Kousenidis, and S. Leventis, The impact of IFRS on accounting quality: Evidence from Greece, Adv. Account. Incorp. Adv. Int. Account. 29 (2013), 108–123.
[43] A. Ebrahimi Kardler and N. Rahmani Picha, Investigating the relationship between management ability and financial reporting quality in Tehran Stock Exchange, Account. Audit. Res. 8 (2015), no. 32, 1–27.
[44] H. Etimadi, S. Sepasi, and V. Ahmadian, Meta-analysis of the effects of adopting international financial reporting standards on the quality of financial reporting, Exper. Account. Res. 6 (2016), no. 24, 47–87.
[45] D. Farber, Restoring trust after fraud: Does corporate governance matter?, Account. Rev. 80 (2005), no. 2, 539–561.
[46] A.J. Felo, S. Krishnamurthy, and S. Solieri, Audit committee characteristics and the quality of financial reporting: An empirical analysis, Amer. Account. Assoc. Ann. Meet., 2001.
[47] M.S. Fifka, Corporate responsibility reporting and its determinants in comparative perspective: A review of the empirical literature and a meta-analysis, Bus. Strategy Envir. 22 (2013), no. 1, 1–35.
[48] D. Foroghi and A. Sakiani, Management ability, investment efficiency and financial reporting quality, Quart. J. Exper. Account. Res. 6 (2015), no. 1, 63–90.
[49] J. Francis, P. Laford, P. Olsson, and K. Schipper, The market pricing of accruals quality, J. Account. Econ. 39 (2005), 259–327.
[50] J. Francis, R. LaFond, P. Olsson, and K. Schipper, Costs of equity and earnings attributes, Account. Rev. 79 (2004), 967–1010.
[51] E. Garcia-Meca and J.P. Sanchez-Ballesta, Influences on financial analyst forecast errors: A meta-analysis, Int. Bus. Rev. 15 (2006), no. 1, 29–52.
[52] H. Gernon and G.K. Meeks, Accounting an International Perspective, 5th ed., Irwin McGraw-Hill, Singapore, 1997.
[53] A. Ghosh, A. Marra, and D. Moon, Corporate boards, audit committees, and earnings management: Pre and post-SOX evidence, J. Bus. Finance Account. 37 (2010), 1145–1176.
[54] P. Gillett and D. DeBoskey, The impact of multi-dimensional corporate transparency on US firms’ credit ratings and cost of capital, Rev. Quant. Finan. Acc. 40 (2013), 101–134.
[55] A.M. Hamdan, T.H. Al-Hayale, and E.M. Emad Mohammed Aboagela, The impact of audit committee characteristics on earnings management: additional evidence from Jordan, Eur. Bus. Res. Conf. Proc., 2012.
[56] D. Hay, W. Knechel, and N. Wong, Audit fees: A meta-analysis of the effect of supply and demand attributes, Contemp. Account. Res. 23 (2007), no. 1, 141–191.
[57] D. Hay, Further evidence from meta-analysis of audit fee research, Int. J. Audit. 17 (2013), no. 2, 162–176.
[58] L. He, S. Wright, E. Evans, and S. Crowe, Earnings management in Australia under new ASX corporate gover[1]nance guidelines, Account. Assoc. Australia and New Zealand Conf., 2007.
[59] D. Hirshleifer and S.H. Teoh, Limited attention, information disclosure, and financial reporting, J. Account. Econ. 36 (2003), 337–386.
[60] Sh. Hosseini Khorasgani and M. Dastgir, Re-presentation of financial statements and management system factors affecting it, Account. Knowledge 7 (2015), no. 25. 121.11-101.
[61] J.E. Hunter and F.L. Schmidt, Fixed effects vs. random effects meta-analysis models: Implications for cumulative research knowledge, Int. J. Select. Assess. 8 (2000), no. 4, 275–292.
[62] J.E. Hunter, F.L. Schmidt, and G.B. Jackson, Meta-Analysis: Cumulating Research Findings Across Studies, SAGE Publications, Beverly Hills, CA, 1982.
[63] N. Izadi Niya and S.Y. Nazarzadeh, Investigating the relationship between profit quality and stock returns in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, Dev. Capital Mag. 2 (2009), no. 3, 110.
[64] A. Jarjarzadeh and Z. Nikbakht Nasrabadi, The effect of discretionary accruals and operating cash on stock returns in growth companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, Financ. Account. Res. 9 (2016), no. 1, 91–104.
[65] B. Kardan, M. Salehi, and H. Kalate, The relationship between auditor’s opinion, discretionary accruals and financial risk, Financ. Account. Audit Res. 8 (2015), no. 11, 111–121.
[66] P. Kent, J. Routledge, and J. Stewart, Innate and discretionary accruals quality and corporate governance, Account. Finance 50 (2010), 171–195.
[67] Sh. Khajovi and A. Gorgani Firozjah, Board of director’s attitudes and financing methods relation of listed companies of Tehran Stock Exchange, 6 (2012), no. 21, 24–37.
[68] H. Khlif and K.A. Chalmers, Review of meta-analytic research in accounting, J. Account. Liter. 35 (2015), no. 1, 1–27.
[69] H. Khlif and K. Hussainey, The association between risk disclosure and firm characteristics: A meta-analysis, J. Risk Res. 19 (2016), no. 2, 181–211.
[70] V. Khodadadi, S. Visi, and J. Nikkar, Investigating the effect of changes in the auditor’s opinion on the timeliness of disclosure in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, Account. Audit. Res. 9 (2014), no. 36, 1–22.
[71] J. Kim, Accounting transparency of Korean firms: Measurement and determinant analysis, J. Amer. Acad. Bus. 6 (2005), no. 2, 222.
[72] A. Klein, Audit committee, board of director characteristics, and earnings management, J. Account. Econ. 33 (2002), no. 3, 375–400.
[73] S. Kokbi, H.R. Kordloui, and V.R. Mirabi, The effect of efficiency of internal audit and audit committee perfor[1]mance on re-presentation of financial statements, Sci. Res. Quart. Knowledge Manag. Account. Audit. 4 (2014), no. 61.
[74] S.P. Kothari and J.E. Short, The effect of disclosure by management, analyst and financial pressure on the cost of equity capital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Working paper, 2003.
[75] S. Kothari, P. Leone, and A.J. Wasley, Performance matched discretionary accrual measures, J. Account. Econ. 39 (2005), no. 1, 163–197.
[76] Gh. Kurdestani and Z. Majdi, Investigating the relationship between the qualitative characteristics of profit and the cost of common stock capital, Account. Audit. Rev. 14 (2006), no. 48.
[77] M. Lang and M. Maffett, Transparency and liquidity uncertainty in crisis periods, J. Account. Econ. 52 (2011), 101–125.
[78] M. Lang, K. Lins, and M. Maffet, Transparency, liquidity and valuation: International evidence, J. Account. Res. 50 (2011), no. 3, 729–774.
[79] D.F. Larcker and S.A. Richardson, Fees paid to audit firms, accrual choices, and corporate governance, J. Account. Res. 42 (2004), no. 3, 625–658.
[80] M. Lari Dasht Beyaz, M. Qanad, and H. Fakur, Characteristics of audit committee and delay in audit report, Financ. Account. Audit. Res. 10 (2017), no. 73, 215–241.
[81] A.K. Lary and D.W. Taylor, Governance characteristics and role effectiveness of audit committees, Manag. Audit. J. 27 (2012), 336–354.
[82] C. Leuz, D. Nanda, and P.D. Wysocki, Earnings management and investors protection: An international com[1]parison, J. Financ. Econ. 69 (2003), no. 3, 505–527.
[83] S. Leventies and P. Weetman, Applicability of disclosure theories in an emerging capital market, Account. Bus. Res. 34 (2004), no. 1, 43–56.
[84] P. Madhani, Role of disclosure and transparency in financial reporting, First Int. Confe. New Approach. Bus. Account. Manag., Tehran, Iran, 2009, 63–66. [In Persian]
[85] Gh. Mahdavi and M. Jamalianpour, Investigating factors affecting the speed of financial reporting of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange, Financ. Account. Res. 2 (2018), no. 4, 89–108.
[86] L. Maines and L. S. McDaniel, Effects of comprehensive income characteristics on non-professional investors’ judgments: The role of financial-statement presentation format, Account. Rev. 75 (2000), 179–207.
[87] M. Maranjori, Meta-analysis in accounting research, Sci. J. Account. Soc. Interests 8 (2016), no. 3, 126–147.
[88] A. Mehr Azin, A. Masihabadi, and M.A. Dehnavi, Transparency of financial information and profit information content, J. Account. Knowledge 3 (2013), no. 8, 113–130.
[89] E. Mohammadi, F. Sabz Alipour, and F. Dehghani, Investigating the relationship between corporate transparency and restrictions on financing in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, Quart. Sci. Res. J. Asset Manag. Financ. 6 (2017), no. 1, 216–201.
[90] M. Moradi, M. Usulian, and M. Nowrozi, Auditor’s opinion and profit management with emphasis on ambiguity in the continuity of activity, Account. Audit. Rev. 21 (2013), no. 3, 313–328.
[91] M. Moradzadeh Fard, Management ability, investment efficiency and risk of future stock price fall, Empir. Stud. Financ. Account. 13 (2015), no. 50, 33–64.
[92] F. Nasirzadeh, M. Salehi, and F. Darodi, Examining the relationship between audit committee characteristics (independence, financial expertise, experience, size) and financial disclosure, Master’s Thesis in the field of accounting, Attar Institute of Higher Education, Department of Accounting, Accounting orientation, 2016.
[93] M.S. Norman, M.R. Mohid, and M.I. Takiah, Audit committee characteristics and earnings management: Evidence from Malaysia, Asian Rev. Account. 15 (2006), no. 2, 147–163.
[94] I. Norosh and R. Hesarzadeh, Investigating the dimensions of accounting profit transparency and its relationship with the characteristics of the company in the Tehran Stock Exchange, Stock Exchange Quart. 3 (2009), no. 12.
[95] P. Piri, H. Didar, and S. Khodayaryeganeh, Investigating the effect of management ability on the quality of financial reporting during the life cycle of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, Account. Financ. Res. 6 (2013), no. 3, 99–118.
[96] P. Pope and S. McLeay, The European IFRS experiment: Objectives, research challenges and some early evidence, Account. Bus. Res. 41 (2011), no. 3, 233–266.
[97] M.C. Pucheta-Martinez and C.D. Fuentes, The impact of audit committee characteristics on enhancement of financial reporting, Corp. Govern.: Int. Rev. 15 (2007), no. 6, 1394–1412.
[98] M.H. Qaemi, A.J. Liwani, and S. De Bozori, The quality of profits and returns of companies’ shares, Account. Audit. Stud. 15 (2007), no. 52, 71–88.
[99] E. Rainsbury, A. Bradbury, and S.F. Cahan, The impact of audit committee quality on financial reporting quality and audit fees, J. Contemp. Account. Econ. 5 (2009), no. 1, 20–33.
[100] K. Ramanna and E. Sletten, Network effects in countries’ adoption of IFRS, Account. Rev. 89 (2014), no. 4, 1517–1543.
[101] R.A. Royai, M. Ebrahimi, Investigating the effect of the characteristics of the audit committee on the level of voluntary disclosure of ethics, Financ. Account. Sci. Res. Quart. 7 (2015), no. 25, 71–88.
[102] A. Saghafi and Gh. Kurdestani, Examining and explaining the relationship between profit quality and market reaction to cash profit changes, Account. Audit. Rev. 3 (2004), no. 11.
[103] A. Saghafi and I. Ebrahimi, The relationship between the development of accounting standards and the quality of accounting information, Account. Audit. Quart. 16 (2010), no. 57, 33–50.
[104] Gh. Soleimani Amiri and A. Rahimi Tamrin, The relationship between the timeliness of financial reporting and the performance of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange, Exper. Account. Res. 3 (2012), no. 11, 21–35.
[105] N. Sultana, S. Harjinder, and J-L. W. Mitchell Van der Zahn, Audit committee characteristics and audit report lag, Int. J. Audit. 19 (2015), no. 2, 72–87.
[106] M. Tsipouridoua and Ch. Spathis, Audit opinion and earnings management: Evidence from Greece, Account. Forum 38 (2014), 38–54.
[107] S. Williams, Association between earnings management and properties of independent audit committee members, Working Paper, Singapore Management University, 2002.
[108] T. Woidtke and Y.H. Yeh, The role of the audit committee and the informativeness of accounting earnings in East Asia, Pacific-Basin Finance J. 23 (2013), 1–24.
[109] L.I. Yan and H. Yang, Disclosure and the cost of equity capital: An analysis at the market level, Working paper, 2011, Available at URL: http://www. ssrn. Com.
[110] J. Yang and J. Krishnan, Audit committees and quarterly earnings management, Int. J. Audit. 9 (2005), 201–219.
[111] F. Yousefi Asl, M. Molanazari and Gh. Soleimani Amiri, Explanation of financial reporting transparency model, Exper. Account. Res. 4 (2013), no. 14, 1–38.
[112] F.Yousefi Assal, M. Molanazari, and Gh. Soleimani Amir, Evaluation of the proposed financial reporting trans[1]parency model based on stock liquidity, Account. Knowledge 7 (2015), no. 24, 113–136.
[113] Z. Zahmatkesh, M. Moinuddin, and M. Nazimi Ardakani, Investigating the effect of expandable commercial reporting language on the transparency of financial information in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, J. Appl. Res. Financ. Rep. 8 (2018), no, 1, 147–171.